New Species Discovered in 2024 Include ‘Vampire Hedgehog’ and Others
In 2024, researchers unveiled an impressive array of new species, including a vampire hedgehog, a pygmy pipehorse, and a unique "blob-headed" fish. The California Academy of Sciences reported the identification of 138 novel species across six continents and three oceans, demonstrating the rich biodiversity yet to be fully appreciated.
Notably, the vampire hedgehog, or Hylomys macarong, discovered in Vietnam, derives its name from the Vietnamese term for ‘vampire,’ reflecting its fang-like teeth. Researchers emphasized its formal identification stems from a collaborative effort involving specimens housed at the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History.
Other fascinating discoveries included the pygmy pipehorse (Cylix nkosi), found off South Africa’s Sodwana Bay. Its name honors the Zulu word for "chief." The tiny creature was located following tips from local divers amidst challenging diving conditions.
Additionally, environmental icons inspired the naming of other new species. A new plant bug species was named after Vice President Kamala Harris for her work in climate and conservation. Similarly, actor Leonardo DiCaprio was honored with Anguiculus dicaprioi, a copper-colored snake discovered in the Himalayas.
Among the stupendous finds was the "blob-headed fish" in Peru’s Alto Mayor region. This previously unknown species baffled scientists with its enlarged, blob-like head—a structure not previously documented in fish.
Researcher Shannon Bennett underscored the significance of identifying and describing new species, likening it to a "coming out ball" for the species, highlighting that scientists have only cataloged about 10% of Earth’s biodiversity. The discoveries of 2024 highlight both the wonders of nature and the urgent need for conservation efforts to protect these unique species and their habitats.